School of Medicine Students Journal
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Apr 2021

Helicobacter pylori are the most common gastrointestinal in-fection worldwide. Determination of contributing factors for successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori is important for better infection control. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the association between serum vitamin D deficiency and He-licobacter pylori eradication rate.

In this nested case control study in Loghman Hospital in Teh-ran in 2018 and 2019, 200 consecutive patients with Helicobacter pylori infection using amoxicillin, pantoprazole, bismuth, and metronidazole for 4 weeks were enrolled. The serum vitamin D level was compared across the groups with successful (n=153) versus unsuccessful (n=47) eradication of infection. Finally, data analysis was performed us-ing SPSS statistical software version 25 and the mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage and statistical test of Chi-square were used to describe and analyze the data and the significance level in this study was less than 0.05.

The results of this study demonstrated that before-treatment vitamin D level was between 10 and 20 ng/dL in majority of unsuccessful cases (40.4%) and it was more than 30 ng/dL in majority of successful cases (83.7%) showing statistically signif-icant difference (P < 0.001).

This study showed a significant association between vitamin D deficien-cy and Helicobacter pylori eradication and low vitamin D level resulted in failure of treatment; Hence in unsuccessful cases, assessment of vitamin D level and possible supplementation in those with hypovitaminosis D is recommended.

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. This study was conducted to investigate the correlation of B12 deficiency with presence of proteinuria in patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

This study was performed on patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The inclusion criteria were: HbA1C ≤8%, absence of hypertension or con-trolled blood pressure (BP<140/90) in hypertensive patients, no smoking, absence of any recent stressful illness such as MI, CVA and causes of proteinuria other than dia-betic nephropathy. The serum level of B12 and the amount of urine protein–to-creati-nine ratio (UPCR) were measured, and correlation between b12 deficiency and pres-ence of proteinuria was assessed using Spearman correlation test.

In this study 78 patients (44.87% women and 55.13% men) were examined. There was an inverse and weak correlation between the serum B12 deficiency and presence of proteinuria (r=-0.104), which was not statistically significant (p=0.254). Due to the statistically significant difference between two groups with and without pro-teinuria in antiproteinuric drugs, as well as Metformin use and chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage, a subgroup analysis was performed in each of these subgroups. There was no correlation between the B12 deficiency and presence of proteinuria.

The findings revealed no statistically significant correlation between the serum B12 deficiency and presence of proteinuria

Ovarian masses are common and due to the risk of dissemination, biopsy is not recommended before surgery; thus, imaging techniques can play a crucial role in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is now considered a part of the standard evaluation of pelvis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of DW-MRI in distinguishing between benign and malignant ovarian tumors and its comparison with pathology results.

In this diagnostic study, 85 non-pregnant women of childbearing age with an ovarian mass who were referred to Imam Hossein hospital in 2018 were evaluated. All patients underwent MRI before surgery and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was calculated for each. In addition, demographic data and postoperative pathology results were recorded. The acquired data were then entered into the SPSS software for statistical analysis.

The mean age of the participants was 39.01 ± 6.98 years. Mean ADC value was calculated as 1.14 ± 0.67 × 10-3 mm2/s. Mean ADC value was significantly lower in malignant lesions compared to borderline and benign ones (P<0.001). Mean ADC value was the highest in cysts and the lowest in metastatic lesions (with the exception of serous cystadenocarcinoma (P=0.267) compared to other types of lesions (P<0.05). The optimal cutoff point for ADC to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian lesions was 1.16 × 10-3 mm2/s with 95% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value (PPV), 98% negative predictive value (NPV), and 99% accuracy.

ADC value in DW-MRI is highly sensitive and specific in differentiation between benign and malignant ovarian tumors.

A 21-year-old male patient was admitted with a severe right thigh deformity following a car accident. He had experienced a previous history of intramedullary interlocking femoral nail 3 years ago.The neurovascular examination was normal. The radiologic evaluation revealed a bent nail with 105° angular deformity in the sagittal plane.With a lateral approach to the apex of the fracture site, the bent nail was cut by an 8mm cobalt drill, two parts of the nail were extracted; then fixation was performed by a new intramedullary interlocking nail and autogenous cancellous graft.The fracture healed properly without any complications 6 months after corrective sur-gery.